Women in Engineering: Giulia on sustainability, LCA and shaping circular solutions

Engineering is increasingly about understanding not only how technologies work, but also how they impact the world around us. From resource use to environmental performance, assessing sustainability has become a key part of innovation.

As part of our Women in Engineering series, we spoke with Giulia Cortina, a PhD researcher in Industrial Engineering at the University of Florence. In the HARMONY project, she focuses on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), evaluating the sustainability of new recycling processes for permanent magnets.

Giulia shares how her interest in environmental protection shaped her path, what motivates her work in sustainability research, and why confidence and resilience are essential for young women entering engineering.

Profile

. Name: Giulia Cortina

Role: PhD Researcher (Industrial & Environmental Engineering)

Organisation: Università degli Studi di Firenze

Country: Italy

Field: Environmental engineering, sustainability, LCA

Education: BSc. Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering & MSc. Environmental and Land Protection Engineering 

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/giulia-cortina-5696b3303/

Portrait of Giulia Cortina smiling with arms crossed, standing against a plain background.
Giulia Cortina, PhD researcher in sustainability and environmental engineering.

Finding a path into engineering

What first sparked your interest in science?

“I have always been curious about how the world works and fascinated by natural phenomena. From a young age, I enjoyed science and problem-solving, and I was especially interested in the environment.”

That interest naturally evolved into a clear direction.

“I have always loved science and problem-solving, so a STEM path felt natural. My focus on Environmental Engineering developed over time as I realized I wanted to combine science with a desire to protect the environment and promote sustainable solutions.”

From studies to engineering research

What did you study, and what drew you to it?

“I studied Environmental Engineering, completing both my bachelor’s and master’s degrees in this field. I was drawn to this course of study by a strong interest in environmental protection and a desire to contribute to the preservation of natural resources.”

Today, Giulia continues this path as a PhD researcher, focusing on sustainability in industrial systems.

“As a PhD student, my typical day mainly consists of research activities related to various national and European projects, all focusing on sustainability and life cycle assessment.”

“This includes collecting and analyzing data, evaluating industrial processes, collaborating with project partners, and documenting results.”

Contributing to magnet recycling and circular technologies

Giulia’s work in HARMONY focuses on evaluating whether new recycling processes are truly sustainable.

“My work focuses on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), where we evaluate whether the new recycling process for permanent magnets performs better in terms of environmental, social, and economic sustainability compared to conventional processes.”

“This is essential because it allows us to assess whether we are moving in the right direction and whether the proposed solution is truly more sustainable.”

Her work involves detailed analysis of real industrial processes.

“I collect and analyze process data such as material flows, energy consumption, and chemicals used, to assess overall impacts and support informed decision-making.”

What motivates her most is the broader impact of this work.

“What excites me most is working at the intersection of innovation, sustainability, and real-world impact.”

“Knowing that this work can help guide better design and policy decisions and support the transition toward a more circular and resilient economy is particularly rewarding.”

Giulia Cortina standing with two colleagues next to a HARMONY project banner, highlighting collaboration on magnet recycling technologies.
Giulia Cortina with HARMONY colleagues, working together on circular solutions for rare earth magnet recycling.

Women in engineering

Giulia also reflects on challenges she has experienced in the field.

“There were situations where external partners tended to address only my male colleagues, assuming they were more knowledgeable.”

“Over time, I learned to focus on demonstrating my expertise through my work and not let these assumptions affect my confidence.”

What message would you give to young women?

“Engineering is for anyone curious, motivated, and interested in solving real-world problems, regardless of gender.”

“Do not let stereotypes define your choices. Your perspective and skills are valuable, and the field needs more diverse voices.”

Advice for future engineers

Looking ahead, Giulia highlights both technical and personal skills.

“Solid scientific and analytical skills are fundamental, but equally important are critical thinking, adaptability, and confidence in your own abilities.”

“Collaboration, communication, and openness to interdisciplinary work are key, especially for challenges like sustainability and circular economy.”

Even on difficult days, her motivation remains clear.

“On challenging days, what keeps me motivated is knowing that even though my contribution may be small, it can help develop something much bigger.”

Giulia Cortina presenting at a conference, standing next to a screen displaying a presentation on the environmental impact of rare earth elements in permanent magnets.
Giulia Cortina presenting research on the environmental impact of rare earth elements and magnet recycling.

About the series